Golden Shiner,  Notemigonus crysoleucas

 
Physical Description: 
�	Deep, compressed body 
�	Forked tail fin
�	Upturned mouth; pointed or somewhat rounded snout
�	Tubercles present on male on head, body, and all fins
�	Silver or brassy sheen on body
�	Spawning fish have bright yellow fins, sometimes with red on them

Similar species: 
�	Rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus)

Mean body size:
�	Adults are 70-200 mm total length 

Habitat:
�	Warm streams and rivers, swamps, ditches, ponds, lakes, and reservoirs

Distribution in VA:
�	Introduced to all Atlantic slope drainages, New, and South Fork Holston Rivers

Food Habits:  
�	Insects, snails, crustaceans, and algae

Reproductive Habits: 
�	Mature at age 1-3 
�	Spawning occurs April to October in water at 15-21�C
�	Eggs are adhesive and laid over vegetation, gravel, and nests of other fish 
�	Fecundity is 200,000 eggs per female 

Population Status, Economic, or Ecological Importance: 
�	Raised in hatcheries as a bait fish

References:       

Jenkins, R.E and N.M. Burkhead. 1993. Freshwater Fishes of Virginia. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland. 

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